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Depression – Causes, Treatment, and Prevention
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Depression – Causes, Treatment, and Prevention
While there is no single definition of depression, there are many causes of this mental condition. Genetics plays a large role in the development of the disorder. Everyone inherits one long gene from each parent and one short gene from each parent. These genes are connected to a higher risk of depression. Other factors associated with the disorder include family history, learning disabilities, substance use disorders, and a history of suicide. Depression often accompanies anxiety.
Many primary care doctors perform screenings for depression as part of routine health exams. A physician may also recommend a referral to a psychiatrist for someone experiencing depression or other mental health issues. Getting a proper diagnosis is critical to overcoming depression. However, you should not delay seeing a psychiatrist for depression. Getting help early can make all the difference in your recovery. Once a doctor has identified your depression, he or she can determine whether you need treatment.
In addition to medication and psychotherapy, there are a number of lifestyle changes you can make to improve your quality of life. Exercise and music can lift your spirits and energize your body, and meditation can reduce stress. Practicing one or two of these techniques on a regular basis can help you overcome the symptoms of depression. Getting more rest and less alcohol is another important step in recovery. Also, it is important to get enough sleep each night and to find time during the day to think about problems.
Fortunately, antidepressants can also help. Antidepressants are medications designed to change the chemical structure of the brain. They work by regulating brain chemicals responsible for mood and stress. Unlike many other types of medications, antidepressants can be prescribed to people who have experienced depression. These medications should be taken as directed and only after consulting with your health care provider. But it’s important to note that many people find antidepressants too addictive.
Another way to treat depression is to undergo electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). ECT is a procedure where a mild electrical current is passed through your brain to trigger a brief seizure. When done correctly, the electrical current will cause a temporary increase in brain chemicals that will reduce the symptoms of depression. ECT treatment should produce positive effects within a few weeks, but the long-term effects of electroconvulsive therapy are unpredictable.
Other forms of depression can be more subtle or more chronic. Some are seasonal, and occur during certain seasons. Another type is persistent depressive disorder, or PDD. This type usually appears during the second half of a woman’s menstrual cycle. In contrast, premenstrual dysphoria is associated with hormone changes and usually occurs a week before a woman’s period begins. While symptoms improve within a few days, they typically disappear after the period is complete. Some are caused by recreational drugs or prescription medications.
In addition to medications, psychological therapies, also known as talking therapies, can help people change their thinking patterns and coping skills. By identifying negative thinking patterns, these therapies can help people develop effective coping mechanisms. Cognitive behavioral therapy, for example, helps identify and change negative thinking patterns and behavior. Interpersonal therapy, on the other hand, focuses on improving relationships. The combination of psychotherapy and medication can help you overcome your depression. For those with severe depression, psychotherapy is often the best option for treating this mental disorder.
